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Southernmost settlements

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Location of Río Gallegos, Punta Arenas, Ushuaia and Puerto Williams in the southern tip of South America.

Southernmost settlements are cities, towns, weather stations or permanent military bases which are farther south than latitude 45°S. They are closely related to the Southern Ocean or either the Roaring Forties or Furious Fifties. Antarctic bases are excluded due to not having a permanent population.

Unlike the northern hemisphere, where several major metropolitan areas such as Moscow, Harbin, London, Paris, Seattle, and Montreal are all located north of the 45°N parallel, the only permanently populated areas south of the 45°S parallel are the small and sparsely populated regions of southern Patagonia in South America, the Falkland Islands, and the southernmost tip of New Zealand.

Southernmost city

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The southernmost city in the world is mainly a slogan used for tourism purposes to attract visitors to a city as well as the tourists headed for Antarctica. Ciudad (city) is not a legal designation in Chile and Argentina, except for the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Currently, three places use this slogan: Ushuaia in Argentina as well as Punta Arenas and Puerto Williams[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] in Chile, with the last being the absolute southernmost town by latitude (see table below). There are several more settlements further south but none are considered to be large enough to be classified as a 'city'. The three contending cities are from north to south:

Settlements of more than 1,000 inhabitants south of 45°S

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Line across the Earth
45°
45th parallel south

This is a list of all settlements south of the 45th parallel south with over 1,000 permanent inhabitants.

Rank Settlement name Country Population Latitude/longitude Köppen climate classification
1 Puerto Williams Chile 1,868[17] 54°56′S 67°37′W / 54.933°S 67.617°W / -54.933; -67.617 Cfc
2 Ushuaia Argentina 82,615[18] 54°48′S 68°18′W / 54.800°S 68.300°W / -54.800; -68.300 Cfc
3 Tolhuin Argentina 9,879[18] 54°32′S 67°12′W / 54.533°S 67.200°W / -54.533; -67.200 ET
4 Río Grande Argentina 98,017[18] 53°47′S 67°42′W / 53.783°S 67.700°W / -53.783; -67.700 Cfc/Dfc
5 Porvenir Chile 4,807 53°17′S 70°22′W / 53.283°S 70.367°W / -53.283; -70.367 Cfc
6 Punta Arenas Chile 123,403[17] 53°10′S 70°56′W / 53.167°S 70.933°W / -53.167; -70.933 Cfc
7 Puerto Natales Chile 19,116 51°44′S 72°31′W / 51.733°S 72.517°W / -51.733; -72.517 Csb
8 Stanley Falkland Islands 2,115 51°41′S 57°51′W / 51.683°S 57.850°W / -51.683; -57.850 Cfc
9 Veintiocho de Noviembre Argentina 4,686 51°39′S 69°13′W / 51.650°S 69.217°W / -51.650; -69.217 Cfc
10 Río Gallegos Argentina 110,435 51°38′S 69°13′W / 51.633°S 69.217°W / -51.633; -69.217 BSk
11 Río Turbio Argentina 6,650 51°31′S 72°17′W / 51.517°S 72.283°W / -51.517; -72.283 Cfc
11 El Calafate Argentina 6,410 50°19′S 72°17′W / 50.317°S 72.283°W / -50.317; -72.283 BSk
12 Puerto Santa Cruz Argentina 3,397 50°01′S 68°31′W / 50.017°S 68.517°W / -50.017; -68.517 BSk
13 Comandante Luis Piedrabuena Argentina 4,175 49°50′S 68°54′W / 49.833°S 68.900°W / -49.833; -68.900 BSk
14 Puerto San Julián Argentina 6,143 49°18′S 67°43′W / 49.300°S 67.717°W / -49.300; -67.717 BSk
15 Gobernador Gregores Argentina 2,519 48°45′S 70°16′W / 48.750°S 70.267°W / -48.750; -70.267 BWk
16 Puerto Deseado Argentina 10,237 47°45′S 65°55′W / 47.750°S 65.917°W / -47.750; -65.917 BSk
17 Cochrane Chile 2,217 47°15′S 72°34′W / 47.250°S 72.567°W / -47.250; -72.567 Cfb
18 Pico Truncado Argentina 14,985 46°47′S 67°58′W / 46.783°S 67.967°W / -46.783; -67.967 BWk
19 Bluff New Zealand 1,840 46°36′S 168°20′E / 46.600°S 168.333°E / -46.600; 168.333 Cfb
20 Perito Moreno Argentina 3,588 46°36′S 70°55′W / 46.600°S 70.917°W / -46.600; -70.917 BSk
21 Las Heras Argentina 10,688 46°33′S 68°57′W / 46.550°S 68.950°W / -46.550; -68.950 BWk
22 Los Antiguos Argentina 2,047 46°32′S 71°37′W / 46.533°S 71.617°W / -46.533; -71.617 BSk
23 Chile Chico Chile 3,042 46°32′S 71°43′W / 46.533°S 71.717°W / -46.533; -71.717 Csb
24 Caleta Olivia Argentina 36,077 46°26′S 67°32′W / 46.433°S 67.533°W / -46.433; -67.533 BSk
25 Invercargill New Zealand 51,000 46°25′S 168°18′E / 46.417°S 168.300°E / -46.417; 168.300 Cfb
26 Riverton New Zealand 1,640 46°21′S 168°01′E / 46.350°S 168.017°E / -46.350; 168.017 Cfb
27 Balclutha New Zealand 4,340 46°14′S 169°45′E / 46.233°S 169.750°E / -46.233; 169.750 Cfb
28 Fairfax New Zealand 1,911 46°12′S 168°2′E / 46.200°S 168.033°E / -46.200; 168.033 Cfb
29 Mataura New Zealand 1,740 46°11′S 168°52′E / 46.183°S 168.867°E / -46.183; 168.867 Cfb
30 Winton New Zealand 2,460 46°08′S 168°20′E / 46.133°S 168.333°E / -46.133; 168.333 Cfb
31 Milton New Zealand 2,240 46°07′S 169°58′E / 46.117°S 169.967°E / -46.117; 169.967 Cfb
32 Gore New Zealand 8,240 46°05′S 168°56′E / 46.083°S 168.933°E / -46.083; 168.933 Cfb
33 Rada Tilly Argentina 6,208 45°55′S 67°33′W / 45.917°S 67.550°W / -45.917; -67.550 BSk
34 Comodoro Rivadavia Argentina 182,631 45°52′S 67°30′W / 45.867°S 67.500°W / -45.867; -67.500 BSk
35 Dunedin New Zealand 106,200 45°52′S 170°30′E / 45.867°S 170.500°E / -45.867; 170.500 Cfb
36 Río Mayo Argentina 2,939 45°40′S 70°16′W / 45.667°S 70.267°W / -45.667; -70.267 BSk
37 Sarmiento Argentina 8,028 45°35′S 69°05′W / 45.583°S 69.083°W / -45.583; -69.083 BSk
38 Waikouaiti New Zealand 1,260 45°35′S 170°40′E / 45.583°S 170.667°E / -45.583; 170.667 Cfb
39 Coihaique Chile 50,041 45°34′S 72°04′W / 45.567°S 72.067°W / -45.567; -72.067 Cfb
40 Puerto Chacabuco Chile 1,243 45°29′S 72°50′W / 45.483°S 72.833°W / -45.483; -72.833 Cfb
41 Te Anau New Zealand 3,060 45°25′S 167°43′E / 45.417°S 167.717°E / -45.417; 167.717 Cfb
42 Puerto Aisen Chile 16,936 45°24′S 72°41′W / 45.400°S 72.683°W / -45.400; -72.683 Cfb
43 Alexandra New Zealand 6,120 45°14′S 169°22′E / 45.233°S 169.367°E / -45.233; 169.367 BSk
44 Clyde New Zealand 1,260 45°11′S 169°19′E / 45.183°S 169.317°E / -45.183; 169.317 Cfb
45 Oamaru New Zealand 14,000 45°05′S 170°58′E / 45.083°S 170.967°E / -45.083; 170.967 Cfb
46 Cromwell New Zealand 7,160 45°04′S 169°20′E / 45.067°S 169.333°E / -45.067; 169.333 Cfb
47 Queenstown New Zealand 29,000 45°01′S 168°39′E / 45.017°S 168.650°E / -45.017; 168.650 Cfb
48 Alto Río Senguer Argentina 1,454 45°01′S 70°49′W / 45.017°S 70.817°W / -45.017; -70.817 Csc/Dsc

Southernmost settlements outside Antarctica

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This list of settlements excludes research stations in Antarctica and its surrounding islands.

# Location Country Settlement
type
Latitude Population Population as of Köppen climate classification
1 Estación Naval
Islas Diego Ramirez
Chile Naval station 56°30′ S 4 2017 ET
2 Estación Meteorológica
de Cabo de Hornos
Chile Weather station 55°59′ S 4[19] 2008 ET
3 Puerto Toro Chile Hamlet 55°05′ S 36[20] 2002 ET
4 Caleta Wulaia Chile Hamlet 55°02′ S ? ? ET
5 Caleta Eugenia Chile Hamlet 54°56′ S ? ? ?
6 Puerto Williams Chile Town 54°56′ S 1,868[17] 2002 Cfc
7 Puerto Navarino Chile Village 54°55′ S ? ? Cfc
8 Puerto Almanza Argentina Village 54°52′ S 200 ? Cfc
9 Ushuaia Argentina City 54°48′ S 82,615[18] 2010 Cfc
10 Tolhuin Argentina Town 54°31′ S 9,879[18] ? Cfc
11 Macquarie Island Station Australia Scientific research station 54°30′ S 20 to 40 ? ET
12 Grytviken South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands Hamlet 54°19′ S up to 18 ? ET
13 Río Grande Argentina City 53°45′ S 98,017[18] 2010 Cfc/Dfc
14 Porvenir Chile Town 53°17′ S 5,465 ? Cfc
15 Punta Arenas Chile City 53°17′ S 123,403[17] 2002 Cfc

Settlements on the Antarctic continent

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There are many research stations in Antarctica, both permanent and summer only. Many of the stations are staffed all year. McMurdo Station is the largest with an average population of 1200.

A total of 30 countries (as of October 2006), all signatory to the Antarctic Treaty, operate seasonal (summer) or year-round research stations on the continent and on its surrounding islands. In addition to these permanent stations, approximately 30 field camps are established each austral summer to support specific one off projects.[21]

The full list is available at: Research stations in Antarctica.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Ushuaia ya no será la ciudad más austral del mundo". 30 June 1998. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  2. ^ a b "Puerto Williams: ubicada entre Tierra del Fuego por el norte y el Cabo de Hornos por el sur , por lo tanto es la cuidad mas Austral del país y del mundo". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2012-06-16.
  3. ^ a b http://www.infinito-sur.com/ Archived 2013-04-22 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 9 April 2012
  4. ^ a b Puerto Williams espera una gran temporada de centolla[permanent dead link], retrieved 9 April 2012
  5. ^ a b Escritorio Estudiantes Archived 2009-02-28 at the Wayback Machine, retrieved 9 April 2012
  6. ^ a b dibam, retrieved 9 April 2012
  7. ^ a b Times Online
  8. ^ a b Website thisischile.cl Puerto Williams, the southernmost town in the world
  9. ^ Interactive map, INE Census 2002, Chile. (Click on XII Region and then on Punta Arenas)
  10. ^ Boston Globe 2008
  11. ^ "Tierra del Fuego, Argentina". Encarta. Archived from the original on 2008-12-06. Retrieved 2008-09-11.
  12. ^ "Ushuaia". Britannica. Retrieved 2009-05-23.
  13. ^ WillySol. "Puerto Williams - Chile". Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  14. ^ "Una localidad chilena le roba a Ushuaia la etiqueta de ciudad más austral del mundo". 29 May 2019.
  15. ^ "Por qué Ushuaia perdió el título de "la ciudad más austral del mundo"". 30 May 2019.
  16. ^ "Argentinos admiten derrota: Reconocen a Puerto Williams como la ciudad más austral del mundo". 30 May 2019.
  17. ^ a b c d "Ciudades, pueblos, aldeas y caseríos 2019" (pdf) (in Spanish). Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas (Chile). March 2019. p. 132. Retrieved October 17, 2023.
  18. ^ a b c d e f "Censo Nacional de Población, Hogares y Viviendas 2022. Resultados provisionales" (pdf). Censo 2022. República Argentina (in Spanish). Buenos Aires: Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censos (INDEC). January 2023. p. 32. Retrieved 2023-10-17.
  19. ^ "Vida al fin del mundo: Una familia chilena haciendo soberanía en Cabo de Hornos". Emol. Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  20. ^ "DEMOGRAFÍA". Retrieved 1 November 2014.
  21. ^ 4.0 Antarctica – Past and Present

Bibliography

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