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Foreign relations of Tanzania

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Tanzania's first president, Julius Nyerere also was one of the founding members of the Non-Aligned Movement, and, during the Cold War era, Tanzania played an important role in regional and international organisations, such as the Non-Aligned Movement, the front-line states, the G-77, and the Organisation of African Unity (OAU) (now the African Union). One of Africa's best-known elder statesmen, Nyerere was personally active in many of these organisations, and served chairman of the OAU (1984–85) and chairman of six front-line states concerned with eliminating apartheid in Southern Africa. Nyerere was also involved with peace negotiations in Burundi until his death. Nyerere's death, on 14 October 1999, is still commemorated annually.

Tanzania, officially known as the United Republic of Tanzania, enjoys good relations with its neighbours in the region and in recent years has been an active participant in efforts to promote the peaceful resolution of disputes. Tanzania is helping to broker peace talks to end conflict in Burundi and supports the Lusaka agreement concerning the conflict in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In March 1996, Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya revived discussion of economic and regional cooperation. These talks culminated with the signing of an East African Cooperation Treaty in September 1999, which should in time lead to economic integration through the development of the East African Community. Tanzania is the only country in East Africa which also is a member of the Southern African Development Community (SADC).

Historically, Tanzania has played an active role in hosting refugees from neighbouring countries including Mozambique, DR Congo, Burundi, and Rwanda. This normally has been done in partnership with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees.

Diplomatic relations

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List of countries which Tanzania maintains diplomatic relations with:

# Country Date
1  Nigeria 6 December 1961[1]
2  Canada 9 December 1961[2]
3  China 9 December 1961[3]
4  Germany 9 December 1961[4]
5  India 9 December 1961[5]
6  Italy 9 December 1961[6]
7  Serbia 9 December 1961[7]
8  United States 9 December 1961[8]
9  Russia 10 December 1961[9]
10  Czech Republic 12 December 1961[10]
11  Philippines 15 December 1961[11]
12  Israel 20 December 1961[12]
13  France 22 December 1961[13]
14  Japan 1961[14]
15  Poland 14 January 1962[15]
16  Netherlands 31 March 1962[16]
17  Cuba 6 May 1962[17]
18  Australia 12 May 1962[18]
19  Bulgaria 16 June 1962[19]
20  Belgium 21 August 1962[20]
21  Egypt 14 November 1962[21]
22  Hungary 23 November 1962[22]
23  Turkey 5 July 1963[23]
24  Somalia 16 October 1963[24]
25  Burundi 1963[25]
26  Sudan 1963[26][27]
27  Indonesia 25 January 1964[28]
28  Algeria 21 February 1964[29]
29  United Kingdom 22 April 1964[30]
30  Romania 5 May 1964[31]
31  Sweden 29 May 1964[29]
32  Democratic Republic of the Congo 30 May 1964[32]
33  Ethiopia 1 June 1964[29]
34  Ivory Coast 2 July 1964[29]
35  Norway 28 September 1964[33]
36  Mali 24 November 1964[29]
37  Denmark 8 December 1964[29]
38   Switzerland 1964[34]
39  Ghana 6 January 1965[29]
40  Rwanda 7 January 1965[29]
41  Zambia 7 January 1965[35]
42  North Korea 13 January 1965[36]
43  Vietnam 14 February 1965[37]
44  Finland 14 June 1965[38]
45  Morocco 8 October 1965[29]
46  Liberia 27 May 1966[39]
47  Albania May 1966[40]
48  Austria 31 August 1966[39]
49  Syria 13 September 1966[41]
50  Guinea 22 December 1966[39]
51  Mongolia 17 January 1967[42]
52  Pakistan 20 February 1967[43]
53  Spain 23 February 1967[44]
—  Holy See 28 April 1968[45]
54  Tunisia 2 December 1968[46]
55  Senegal 22 August 1969[47]
56  Brazil 5 January 1970[48]
57  Lesotho 23 January 1970[49]
58  Trinidad and Tobago 2 July 1970[50]
59  Guyana 28 December 1970[51]
60  Barbados 8 March 1971[52]
61  Jamaica 6 April 1971[53]
62  Chile 12 June 1971[54]
63  Sierra Leone 3 November 1971[55]
64  Botswana 29 November 1971[56]
65  Greece 29 November 1971[57]
66  Yemen April 1972[58]
67  Cameroon August 1972[59]
68  United Arab Emirates 8 January 1973[60]
69  Kuwait 19 January 1973[61]
70  Mexico 19 February 1973[62]
71  Iraq 15 April 1973[63]
72  Madagascar 28 June 1973[64]
73  Sri Lanka July 1973[65]
74  Eswatini 20 February 1974[66]
75  Argentina 7 March 1974[67]
76    Nepal 10 January 1975[68]
77  Portugal 1 April 1975[69]
78  Libya 15 April 1975[70]
79  Mozambique 25 June 1975[71]
80  Peru 12 July 1975[72]
81  Comoros 1976[73]
82  Iceland 17 November 1977[74]
83  Laos 15 May 1978[75]
84  Suriname 30 June 1978[76]
85  Bahrain 1978[77]
86  Benin 25 May 1979[78]
87  Ireland 3 December 1979[79]
88  Cyprus 1979[80]
89  Cape Verde 11 March 1980[81]
90  Papua New Guinea 29 March 1980[82][83]
91  Zimbabwe 30 April 1980[84]
92  Djibouti 3 December 1980[85]
93  Singapore 12 December 1980[86]
94  Thailand 30 December 1980[76]
95  Nicaragua December 1980[87]
96  Oman 9 January 1981[76]
97  Angola 25 August 1981[88]
98  Republic of the Congo 22 October 1981[89]
99  Colombia 28 October 1981[90]
100  New Zealand 7 December 1981[91]
101  Venezuela 11 December 1981[92]
102  Malaysia 29 September 1982[93]
103  Iran 13 October 1982[94]
104  Qatar 13 December 1982[95]
105  Bangladesh 10 November 1983[96]
106  Kenya 13 December 1983[97]
107  Uganda 13 December 1983[98]
108  Saudi Arabia 11 April 1984[99]
109  Togo 27 December 1984[100]
110  Guinea-Bissau 1984[101]
111  Malawi 16 May 1985[102]
112  Seychelles 11 November 1986[76]
113  Vanuatu 18 December 1986[76]
114  Uruguay 1 April 1987[76]
115  Maldives 11 August 1988[76]
116  Namibia 1990[103]
—  State of Palestine 1990[104]
117  Armenia 22 April 1992[105]
118  South Korea 30 April 1992[106]
119  Ukraine 8 July 1992[107]
120  Slovakia 1 January 1993[108]
121  Slovenia 4 June 1993[109]
122  Croatia 2 July 1993[110]
123  Lithuania 11 November 1993[111]
124  South Africa 18 July 1994[112]
125  Cambodia 8 March 1995[113]
126  Belarus 23 May 1996[114]
127  Estonia 24 July 1996[115]
128  North Macedonia 22 January 1997[116]
129  Latvia 28 November 1997[117]
130  Brunei 6 October 2000[118]
131  Mauritius 22 May 2007[119]
132  Eritrea 31 July 2007[120]
133  Georgia Before 2012[121]
—  Kosovo 2 April 2014[122]
134  Jordan 3 June 2015[123]
135  Malta 11 June 2015[76]
136  Ecuador 16 June 2015[76]
137  Mauritania 1 September 2015[124]
138  South Sudan 11 April 2016[125]
139  Fiji 26 May 2016[76]
140  Bosnia and Herzegovina 25 January 2019[76]
141  Azerbaijan 7 February 2019[76]
142  Kazakhstan 13 February 2019[76]
143  Gambia 25 April 2019[126]
144  Central African Republic 8 November 2019[127]
145  Burkina Faso 25 August 2021[128]
146  Chad Unknown
147  Equatorial Guinea Unknown
148  Gabon Unknown
149  Lebanon Unknown
150  Luxembourg Unknown
151  Niger Unknown
—  Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic Unknown

Bilateral relations

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Africa

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Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Algeria
 Burundi 1963 See Burundi–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1963 when has been appointed first Ambassador of Burundi to Tanzania Mr Joseph Mahenehene.[25]

  • Burundi has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Kigoma.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Bujumbura.
 Comoros 1976

Both countries established diplomatic relations in the middle of 1976.[73]

Tanzania contributed about 750 troops in the 2008 invasion of Anjouan.

  • Comoros has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Moroni.
 Egypt 14 November 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 1962 when has been accredited Ambassador of United Arab Republic (Egypt) to Tanganyika with residence in Dar es Salaam Mr. Mustafa F. El-Essawi.[21]
  • Egypt has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Zanzibar.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Cairo.
 Ethiopia 1 June 1964 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 June 1964 when Ethiopia's Ambassador Ato Mekasha, presents his credentials[129]
  • Ethiopia has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Addis Ababa.
 Kenya 13 December 1983 See Kenya–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1983[97]

  • Kenya has a high commission in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Arusha.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Nairobi and a consulate-general in Mombasa.
 Malawi 16 May 1985 See Malawi–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 May 1985[102]

  • Malawi has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Lilongwe.
 Mozambique 25 June 1975 See Mozambique–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 June 1975[71]

  • Mozambique has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission Maputo.
 Namibia
  • Namibia has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Windhoek.
 Nigeria
  • Nigeria has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Abuja.
 Rwanda 7 January 1965 See Rwanda–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1965 when accredited first Ambassador of Rwanda to Tanzania (resident in Kampala) Mr. Musabyimana Malachie[29]

  • Rwanda has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Kigali.
 South Africa 18 July 1994 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 July 1994[130]
  • South Africa has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Pretoria.
 Uganda 13 December 1983 See Tanzania–Uganda relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1983 when Uganda and Tanzania agree to upgrade their liaison offices in each other's capitals to ambassadorial level[98]

  • Tanzania has a high commission in Kampala.
  • Uganda has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
 Zambia 7 January 1965 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 January 1965 when Zambia's first High Commissioner to Tanzania, Mr. A. M. Simbule presented his credentials to President Nyerere[35]
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Lusaka.
  • Zambia has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
 Zimbabwe 30 April 1980 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1980 when first High Commissioner of Tanzania to Zimbabwe presented his credentials.[84]
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Harare.
  • Zimbabwe has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.

Americas

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Argentina 7 March 1974 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 March 1974[67]
  • Argentina is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Argentina from its embassy in Brasília, Brazil.
 Brazil 5 January 1970 See Brazil–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 January 1970[48]

  • Brazil has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Brasília.
 Canada 9 December 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[131]
  • Canada has a high commission in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a high commission in Ottawa.
 Cuba 6 April 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 April 1962[132]
  • Cuba has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Havana.
 Mexico 19 February 1973 See Mexico–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic elations on 19 February 1973[133]

  • Mexico is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya and maintains an honorary consulate in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in Washington, D.C., United States and maintains an honorary consulate in Mexico City.
 United States 9 December 1961 See Tanzania–United States relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[134]

The U.S. Government provides assistance to Tanzania to support programs in the areas of health, environment, democracy, and development of the private sector. The U.S. Agency for International Development's program in Tanzania averages about $20 million per year. The Peace Corps program, revitalised in 1979, provides assistance in education through the provision of teachers. Peace Corps also is assisting in health and environment sectors. Currently, about 147 volunteers are serving in Tanzania. First Lady Laura Bush visited Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar in mid-July 2005.

Asia

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 China 9 December 1961 See China–Tanzania relations

China established diplomatic relations with Tanganyika and Zanzibar on 9 December 1961 and 11 December 1963 respectively.[3] When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on 26 April 1964, it is natural for China to extend its diplomatic ties with it.[137] Tanzania has had good relations with the People's Republic of China over the past 30 years, recently receiving the Chinese president (February 2009). This relationship is linked with bi-lateral co-operation including the TAZARA Railway project on the Tanzanian mainland.

  • China has an embassy in Dar es Salaam and a consulate-general in Zanzibar.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Beijing.
 India 9 December 1961 See India–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[138]

  • India has a High Commission in Dar es Salaam.[139]
  • Tanzania maintains a High Commission in New Delhi.[140]
 Indonesia 25 January 1964 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 25 January 1964.[28]
  • Indonesia has a resident embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has a resident embassy in Jakarta.
 Israel 20 December 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 December 1961.[141] Tanzania broken off diplomatic relations with Israel 19 October 1973.[142] Diplomatic relations were re-establish on 24 February 1995.[143]
  • Israel is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Tel Aviv.
 Japan 1961

Diplomatic relations between Japan and Tanganyika were established on Tanganyika independence of 9 December 1961 . When Tanganyika and Zanzibar were united and became Tanzania on 26 April 1964, diplomatic ties were automatically extended to cover the union.

  • Japan has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Tokyo.
 Malaysia See Malaysia–Tanzania relations
 Palestine 1973

Tanzania officially recognised Palestine as a sovereign state on 24 November 1988.[145] In October 2011, Tanzanian Foreign Minister Bernard Membe affirmed that his country would give everything required to support Palestine in gaining membership within the United Nations and any other international organisation.[146]

 Qatar 13 December 1982 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 December 1982[95]
  • Qatar has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Doha.
 Saudi Arabia 11 April 1984 See Saudi Arabia–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 April 1984[99]

  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Riyadh and a consulate-general in Jeddah.
 South Korea 30 April 1992

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 April 1992[147]

High-level Exchanges 1994 May Special Envoy of the President Han Wan-sang 1994 October Special Envoy of the President Hong Soon-young 1999 April Minister for Trade Han Duck-soo 2005 January Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ban Ki-moon 2005 December Special Envoy oh the President Kwon Jin-ho 2006 May Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Ban Ki-moon 2009 March Chairman of Korea Foundation Lim Sung-jun 2009 August Chairman of Truth and Reconciliation Commission Ahn Byung-wook 2010 May Deputy Prime Minister Park Young-joon.[148]

  • South Korea has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Seoul.
 Thailand 30 December 1980 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1980[149]
  • Tanzania is represented in Thailand by its embassy in Kuala Lumpur.
  • Thailand is represented in Tanzania by its embassy in Nairobi.
 Turkey 5 July 1963 See Tanzania–Turkey relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 July 1963 when accredited first Ambassador of Turkey to Tanganyika (resident in Addis Ababa) Mr. Mehmed Osman Dostel.[150]

 United Arab Emirates See Tanzania–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Abu Dhabi and a consulate-general in Dubai.
  • United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
 Vietnam 14 February 1965 See Tanzania–Vietnam relations

Both countries have signed diplomatic missions on 14 February 1965[152]

  • Tanzania is accredited to Vietnam from its embassy in Beijing, China.
  • Vietnam has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.

Europe

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Belgium 21 August 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 August 1962.[20]
  • Belgium has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Brussels.
 Denmark 8 December 1964 See Denmark–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 1964 when first Denmark's ambassador to Tanzania Birger Abrahamson presented his credentials to President Nyerere[153]

  • Denmark has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Denmark from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
 Finland
  • Finland has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Finland from its embassy in Stockholm, Sweden.
 France 22 December 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 December 1961[154]
  • France has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Paris.
 Germany 9 December 1961 See Germany–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961[4]

  • Germany has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Berlin.
 Ireland 3 December 1979 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 December 1979[79]
  • Ireland has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Ireland from its high commission in London.
 Italy 9 December 1961 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 December 1961 when open Embassy of Italy in Dar es Salaam with accredited Charge d'Affaires of Italy to Tanganyika Mr. Luciano Falco[6]
  • Italy has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Rome.
 Netherlands 31 March 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 March 1962 when first Ambassador of the Netherlands to Tanganyika (resident in Khartoum) presented his credentials[16]
  • Netherlands has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in The Hague.
 Poland 15 January 1962 See Poland–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 January 1962[155]

  • Poland has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Poland from its embassy in Berlin, Germany.
 Portugal See Portugal–Tanzania relations
  • Tanzania is accredited to Portugal from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Portugal is accredited to Tanzania from its embassy in Maputo, Mozambique.
 Russia 11 December 1961 See Russia–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 December 1961[156]

 Spain 23 February 1967 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 February 1967[158]
  • Spain has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Spain from its embassy in Paris, France.
 Sweden 29 May 1964 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1964 when Mr. Otto Gustaf Rathsman presented his credentials as Sweden's Ambassador to the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar to President Nyerere.[159]
  • Sweden has an embassy in Dar es Salaam.
  • Tanzania has an embassy in Stockholm.
 Ukraine 8 July 1992 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 July 1992[107]
 United Kingdom 22 April 1964 See Tanzania–United Kingdom relations

Tanzania established diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom on 22 April 1964.[30]

The UK governed Tanganyika from 1916 to 1961, when Tanganyika achieved full independence; the UK governed Zanzibar from 1890 to 1963, when Zanzibar achieved full independence. Both countries unified on 26 April 1964 to become Tanzania.

Both countries share common membership of the Commonwealth, and the World Trade Organization. Bilaterally the two countries have a Development Partnership,[161] and a High Level Prosperity Partnership.[162]

Oceania

[edit]
Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia 11 May 1962 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 May 1962 when Mr. A. F. Dingle has been appointed as Acting High Commissioner in the Australian High Commission to be established in Tanganyika[163]
  • Australia is accredited to Tanzania from its high commission in Nairobi, Kenya.
  • Tanzania is accredited to Australia from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.
 New Zealand 7 December 1981 Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 December 1981 when first New Zealand High Commissioner to Tanzania (resident in Athens) Mr. Paul Cotton presented his credentials[164]
  • New Zealand is accredited to Tanzania from its high commission in Pretoria, South Africa.
  • Tanzania is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Tokyo, Japan.

International organisation participation

[edit]

AU, ACP, AfDB, C, EAC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, ITUC, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PMAESA SADC, United Nations (see Permanent Representative of Tanzania to the United Nations), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO

Public Domain This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.

Tanzania and the Commonwealth of Nations

[edit]

Tanzania has been a republic in the Commonwealth of Nations since 1964, when the Republic of Tanganyika and the People's Republic of Zanzibar united after the Zanzibar Revolution.

International trips made by presidents of Tanzania

[edit]

Jakaya Kikwete

[edit]
Further information: List of international presidential trips made by Jakaya Kikwete

John Magufuli

[edit]
Further information: List of presidential trips made by John Magufuli
Countries by Magufuli visited during his presidency 2015-2021

John Magufuli made a 10 International trips to 8 countries during his presidency. Magufuli famously was the first Tanzania president to not travel outside of Africa. The president cracked down on large foreign delegations and usually sent his Vice-President Samia Suluhu Hassan to represent him. The president served six years and made the least international official visits than any of his predecessors.

All his visits were bilateral except he attended one African Union Heads of State Summit in Ethiopia and another East African Community heads of state summit in Uganda.

Samia Suluhu

[edit]
Further information: List of international presidential trips made by Samia Suluhu Hassan
Countries visited by Samia Suluhu during her presidency

Samia Suluhu made her first international trip in April 2021 since she began her presidency on 19 March 2021. Once president she aimed to regain the country's former position in the international community and began to embark on foreign trips.

See also

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References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Sixtieth Anniversary: Tanzania, Nigeria pray for closer ties, security". Peoples Gazette Nigeria. 6 December 2021. Retrieved 17 March 2024.
  2. ^ Linwood, DeLong (January 2020). "A Guide to Canadian Diplomatic Relations 1925-2019". Retrieved 26 June 2023.
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  6. ^ a b Relazioni Internazionali, Volume 25 (in Italian). Istituto per gli studi di politica internazionale. 1961. p. 819.
  7. ^ Summary of the Yugoslav Press. Joint Translation Service. 1961. p. 14.
  8. ^ "All Countries". Office of the Historian. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  9. ^ Soviet Foreign Policy: 1945-1980. Progress Publishers. 1981. pp. 642–681.
  10. ^ Petruf, Pavol. Československá zahraničná politika 1945 – 1992 (in Slovak). pp. 99–119.
  11. ^ "Today we celebrate 55 years of formal diplomatic relations with the United Republic of Tanzania!". 15 December 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2023.
  12. ^ Daily Report, Foreign Radio Broadcasts. Vol. 245–246. United States. Central Intelligence Agency. 1961. pp. H 3.
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  16. ^ a b Jaarboek van het Departement van Buitenlandse Zaken Volumes 69-72 (in Dutch). Netherlands. Ministerie van Buitenlandse Zaken. 1961. p. 99.
  17. ^ "Memoria anual 2015" (PDF) (in Spanish). 2015. pp. 19–25. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 May 2019.
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  26. ^ Sudan Almanac. Republic of the Sudan. 1963. p. 40. ... 20. Tanganyika H.E. Sayed El Amin Mohamed El Amin . Ambassador
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  28. ^ a b "60 Years of Indonesia-Tanzania Relations, 4 MoUs Agreed". Kompas.id. 27 January 2024. Retrieved 10 February 2024.
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